Simultaneous glomerular filtration rate determination using inulin,iohexol, and 99mTc-DTPA demonstrates the need for customized measurement protocols

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The role of regional anaesthesia and multimodal analgesia in the prevention of chronic postoperative pain: a narrative review

Effective prevention of chronic postoperative pain is an important clinical goal, informed by a growing body of studies. Peri-operative regional anaesthesia remains one of the most important tools in the multimodal analgesic toolbox, blocking injury-induced activation and sensitisation of both the peripheral and central nervous system. We review the definition and taxonomy of chronic postoperative pain, its mechanistic basis and the most recent evidence for the preventative potential of multimodal analgesia, with a special focus on regional anaesthesia. While regional anaesthesia targets several important aspects of the mechanistic pathway leading to chronic postoperative pain, evidence for its efficacy is still mixed, possibly owing to the heterogeneity of risk profiles within the surgical patient, but also to variation in techniques and medications reported in the literature.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病的临床分析

目的探析慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病患者的临床特点。方法对医院2018年2月—2019年12月间收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病患者24例相关临床数据进行回顾性分析,归纳此类患者的临床特点,以期为以后收治此类患者在诊疗上提供可参考数据。结果慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病患者典型临床症状为肺部罗音、呼吸障碍、胸痛、咳嗽咳痰、发热。影像学检查后典型表现为肺部炎性渗出、空洞、结节、实变。经过积极治疗后有8例患者判定为治疗有效。结论收治慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病患者应该做到早期阶段准确诊断,积极治疗,是保障预后的重点。     

Intracellular Phosphate and ATP Depletion Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis

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逐瘀止血汤加减治疗慢性子宫内膜炎气虚血瘀证的疗效观察

目的 评价逐瘀止血汤加减对慢性子宫内膜炎（CE）气虚血瘀证患者妊娠结局的影响及对免疫炎症因子的调节作用。方法 将144例患者随机按数字表法分为观察组和对照组各72例。观察组脱落、失访4例，剔除2例，完成66例；对照组脱落、失访3例，剔除5例，完成65例。两组均给予抗感染治疗14 d。对照组口服妇科千金片，6片/次，3次/d。观察组内服逐瘀止血汤加减，1剂/d。两组疗程均为3个月，并随访6个月。记录治疗前后月经经量、经期和周期变化情况；进行治疗前后宫腔镜和阴道彩色多普勒超声检查，评价子宫内膜形态、子宫内膜容受性（CP）［子宫内膜厚度、阻力指数（RI），搏动指数（PI）和血流指数（FI）］等，并进行子宫内膜病理检查；进行治疗前后气虚血瘀证评分；检测治疗前后月经血白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β），IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平和外周血测T淋巴亚群（CD3⁺，CD4⁺，CD8⁺）水平；随访记录妊娠情况和流产情况。进行安全性评价。结果 治疗后观察组经量、经期、周期和月经完全正常率均高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组子宫内膜厚度和FI均高于对照组（P<0.01），RI和PI均低于对照组（P<0.01）；观察组月经血IL-1β，IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于对照组（P<0.01）；观察组CD3⁺，CD4⁺水平和CD4⁺/ CD8⁺均高于对照组（P<0.01），CD8⁺水平低于对照组（P<0.01）；在6个月随访期间，观察组妊娠率46.97%（31/66），高于对照组的27.69%（18/65）（χ²=5.197，P<0.05）；观察组子宫内膜形态疗效总有效率为96.97%（64/66），高于对照组的86.15%（56/65）（χ²=4.981，P<0.05）；观察组子宫内膜病理组织疗效总有效率为95.45%（63/66），高于对照组的84.62%（55/65）（χ²=4.304，P<0.05）；观察组综合临床疗效总有效率为93.94%（62/66），高于对照组的81.54%（55/65）（χ²=4.696，P<0.05）；两组治疗期间均未发现与中药相关不良反应。结论 逐瘀止血汤加减治疗CE气虚血瘀证患者，可调经月经、减轻临床症状，改善宫腔镜下内膜形态，调节全身和局部的免疫炎症反应，提高了CP，从而改善了妊娠结局，有着较好的综合疗效，且安全。     

山东省青岛市城阳区糖尿病患者慢性并发症现状调查

目的对山东省青岛市城阳区糖尿病(DM)患者的慢性并发症现状进行横断面调查。方法对2019年3—12月青岛市城阳区参与“三高共管”项目的8个辖区街道的DM患者进行随机抽样调查,按有无慢性并发症将患者分为2组,对患者的人口学资料、人体测量学等指标进行问卷调查,比较2组DM患者的特点,并对DM慢性并发症的影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果本研究共随机抽取DM患者26090例进行调查,其中男12560例,女13530例,有慢性并发症者18950例,无慢性并发症者7140例;肥胖、文化程度低、血糖控制欠佳、遵医嘱行为差、合并基础疾病的DM患者更容易出现并发症。亚组分析表明,女性DM患者的心血管疾病、神经病变和眼科疾病的发生率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平越高,DM病程越长,DM患者的慢性并发症发生率均越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。患者慢性并发症越多,则人均治疗费用越高,年住院次数越多,住院时间越长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、DM病程、HbA1c、空腹血糖(FBG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、尿白蛋白肌酐比值(UACR)、24 h尿蛋白定量、文化程度、规律服药程度、规律测量血糖程度均是DM慢性并发症的影响因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论青岛市城阳区DM患者慢性并发症发生率较高,且影响因素较多,尽早明确危险因素有助于防治DM慢性并发症。     

Bailing Capsule combined with α-ketoacid tablets for stage 3 chronic kidney disease: Protocol of a double-blinded,randomized, controlled trial

Background:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. After stage 3, there will be increased risks of hypertension, heart failure, bone disease, anemia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and progression to end-stage kidney failure without proper intervention and treatment. Compound α-ketoacid tablets (KA) administration plays an important role in clinical CKD adjunctive therapy for patients with restricted protein intake. Bailing Capsule (BC), a commonly used Chinese patent medicine for renal diseases, could regulate human immune function, repair renal tubular epithelial cells, prevent renal tubular atrophy, and reduce kidney damage to improve renal function. In this study, we try to conduct a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial to observe the efficacy and safety of BC combined with KA in treating patients with stage 3 CKD.Methods:This is a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Patients will be randomly divided into treatment group (BC and KT) and control group (BC-simulation and KT) in a 1:1 ratio according to random number table. The treatment course will be 8 weeks, and the changes of subjective symptoms, patient global assessment (PGA) scale, serum creatinine, cystatin C, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, all related adverse events, vital sign measurements, and physical examinations will be recorded. SPSS 21.0 will be used for data analysis.Conclusions:The results will show whether BC combined with KA could alleviate the symptoms of fatigue, anorexia, halitosis, nausea, itching, and edema, improve kidney function in patients with CKD at stage 3.Trial registration:OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/24AJ7.     

广东省慢性化脓性中耳炎患者耳分泌物的病原体分布及药物敏感性分析

目的分析广东省慢性化脓性中耳炎(CSOM)患者耳分泌物的病原体分布及药物敏感性情况,为临床CSOM的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析2015—2019年1892例确诊为CSOM患者耳分泌物标本的微生物学培养结果,对病原体分布、临床常用抗感染药物的敏感性进行分析。结果共检出1054株条件致病菌,检出率位于前3位的细菌是金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌,真菌是近平滑念珠菌、聚多曲霉和黄曲霉。葡萄球菌对红霉素、青霉素G的敏感率较低,对其他常用抗菌药物的敏感率均高于70.0%,铜绿假单胞菌对于常用抗假单胞菌药物的敏感率均高于85.0%。近平滑念珠菌和白色念珠菌对氟康唑、伏立康唑均具有较高的敏感率;黄曲霉、土曲霉对两性霉素B的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值较高,橘青霉对于伏立康唑的MIC值较高。结论广东省CSOM患者耳分泌物中病原体以葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、念珠菌和曲霉菌为主;真菌的检出率较其他地区高;检出的病原体对常用的治疗药物具有较高的敏感性。     

Empagliflozin restores chronic kidney disease–induced impairment of endothelial regulation of cardiomyocyte relaxation and contraction

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